Flower-Visiting Insects and Birds
of Wild
Bergamot
Monarda fistulosa (Wild Bergamot)
(Long-tongued bees usually suck nectar, but sometimes collect pollen as indicated below; short-tongued bees steal nectar at perforations of flowers [sn@prf] by wasps or they collect pollen, and they are non-pollinating; bee flies usually suck nectar, while other flies feed on pollen, explore the flowers, and are non-pollinating; wasps perforate the flowers to steal nectar, while other wasps suck nectar from these perforations or explore the flowers without feeding; beetles feed on pollen or explore the flowers and are non-pollinating; other insects & hummingbirds suck nectar; some observations are from Reed, Graenicher, Evans, Petersen, Moure & Hurd, Mitchell, Hilty, Grundel & Pavlovic, Clinebell, and Bertin as indicated below, otherwise they are from Robertson)
Birds
Trochilidae: Archilochus colubris (Rb, H, Brt)
Bees (long-tongued)
Apidae (Apinae): Apis mellifera sn@prf np (Rb, Ev, Re, Cl); Apidae (Bombini): Bombus affinis (Re), Bombus auricomus sn fq (Rb, Re), Bombus bimaculatus fq (Ev, Pt, Re, Cl), Bombus borealis (Re), Bombus fervida (Pt, Re), Bombus griseocallis sn fq (Rb, Re, Cl), Bombus impatiens (Ev, Re, Cl), Bombus nevadensis fq (Cl), Bombus pensylvanica sn fq (Rb, Pt, Re), Bombus perplexus (Re), Bombus vagans sn fq (Rb, Pt, Re); Anthophoridae (Anthophorini): Anthophora abrupta (Cl), Anthophora terminalis (Re); Anthophoridae (Ceratinini): Ceratina sp. np (Re, Cl), Ceratina dupla dupla sn@prf cp np (Rb, Ev); Anthophoridae (Epeolini): Triepeolus concavus sn, Triepeolus lunatus concolor sn, Triepeolus nevadensis sn, Triepeolus remigatus sn; Anthophoridae (Eucerini): Anthedonia compta sn fq, Melissodes sp. (Cl), Melissodes agilis sn, Melissodes bimaculata bimaculata sn cp fq (Rb, Re), Melissodes communis cp, Melissodes comptoides sn, Melissodes desponsa sn, Melissodes trinodis sn; Anthophoridae (Xylocopini): Xylocopa virginica fq (Cl); Megachilidae (Coelioxini): Coelioxys rufitarsis rufitarsis sn; Megachilidae (Megachilini): Megachile latimanus sn (Rb, Ev), Megachile mendica (Ev, Cl), Megachile montivaga sn; Megachilidae (Osmiini): Hoplitis pilosifrons (Ev), Hoplitis producta (Re); Megachilidae (Trypetini): Heriades carinatum (Ev, Re, Cl)
Bees (short-tongued)
Halictidae (Dufoureinae): Dufourea monardae cp olg (Ev, MH, Re); Halictidae (Halictinae): Agapostemon sericea sn@prf np ( Rb, MH, Re), Agapostemon texanus texanus (Re), Agapostemon virescens (Re, Cl), Augochlora purus (Re), Augochlorella sp. (Cl), Augochlorella striata sn@prf np (Rb, MH, Re, Cl), Halictus confusus sn@prf np (Rb, Ev, Pt, MH, Re), Halictus ligatus sn@prf np (Rb, MH), Halictus rubicunda sn@prf np (Rb, Ev, MH, Re, Cl), Lasioglossum spp. (Re), Lasioglossum anomalus (Re), Lasioglossum imitatus (Re, Cl), Lasioglossum obscurus (MH), Lasioglossum paraforbesii (Re), Lasioglossum pectoralis (Ev), Lasioglossum pictus (Re), Lasioglossum pilosus pilosus sn@ prf np (Rb, Ev, MH, Re), Lasioglossum pruinosus (Re), Lasioglossum rohweri (Re), Lasioglossum supraclypeatus (Re), Lasioglossum versatus sn@prf cp np (Rb, MH); Colletidae (Colletinae): Colletes nudus (Mch); Colletidae (Hylaeinae): Hylaeus mesillae (Re); Andrenidae (Andreninae): Andrena hirticincta (Re); Andrenidae (Panurginae): Protandrena bancrofti (Re)
Wasps
Sphecidae (Crabroninae): Anacrabro ocellatus np (Re), Ectemnius ruficornis (Cl); Sphecidae (Philanthinae): Cerceris clypeata np (Re); Vespidae: Dolichovespula maculata np (Re), Polistes dorsalis prf sn@prf np; Vespidae (Eumeninae): Euodynerus foraminatus prf sn@prf np (Rb, Re); Braconidae: Cardiochiles sp. np; Perilampidae: Perilampus hyalinus np (Re);
Flies
Syrphidae: Allograpta obliqua np (Re), Eristalis stipator np (Re), Eupeodes sp. np (Re), Platycheirus sp. np (Re), Sphaerophoria contiqua np (Re), Syritta pipiens np (Re), Syrphus sp. np (Re), Toxomerus geminatus np (Re), Toxomerus marginatus np (Re); Bombyliidae: Anthrax albofasciatus fp np (Rb, Gr), Exoprosopa sp. (Cl), Exoprosopa decora sn, Exoprosopa fasciata sn, Hemipenthes sinuosa (Gr, Re), Systoechus vulgaris sn (Rb, Gr) fq; Conopidae: Physocephala tibialis sn (Rb, Re), Stylogaster biannulata sn np; Anthomyiidae: Hylemya sp. np (Re)
Butterflies
Nymphalidae: Asterocampa celtis (Re), Cercyonis pegala (Cl), Danaus plexippus (Rb, Cl), Limenitis archippus, Phyciodes tharos (Cl), Speyeria aphrodite aphrodite (Re), Speyeria cybele fq (Rb, Re, Cl), Speyeria idalia, Vanessa atalanta (Rb, Cl), Vanessa cardui, Vanessa virginiensis; Lycaenidae: Lycaeides melissa samuelis (GP); Pieridae: Colias philodice, Colias eurytheme (Cl), Pontia protodice; Papilionidae: Battus philenor fq, Papilio cresphontes, Papilio glaucus (Cl), Papilio polyxenes asterias fq, Papilio troilus (Rb, H, Cl)
Skippers
Hesperiidae: Achalarus lyciades (Rb, Cl), Anatrytone logan (Rb, Re), Atalopedes campestris (Cl), Epargyreus clarus (Rb, Re, Cl), Euphyes vestris (Rb, Re), Pholisora catullus, Poanes zabulon, Polites origanes (Re), Polites peckius (Cl), Staphylus hayhurstii, Thorybes bathyllus, Thorybes pylades (Cl), Wallengrenia egerement (Re)
Moths
Sphingidae: Hemaris diffinis (Rb, Re, Cl), Hemaris thysbe (Rb, H, Re, Cl)
Beetles
Cantharidae: Chauliognathus pennsylvanicus np (Re)