Flower-Visiting Insects
of Bird's Foot Violet


Viola pedata (Bird's Foot Violet)
(Bees usually suck nectar, but sometimes collect pollen; Syrphid flies feed on stray pollen [fsp] and are non-pollinating; beetles feed on pollen, gnaw on flowers, and are non-pollinating; other insects suck nectar; observations are from Robertson, Swengel & Swengel, Grundel et al., and Wilhelm & Rericha as indicated below)

Bees (long-tongued)
Apidae (Apinae): Apis mellifera sn (Rb); Apidae (Bombini): Bombus bimaculatus (WR), Bombus griseocollis sn (Rb), Bombus impatiens sn (Rb, WR), Bombus pensylvanicus sn fq (Rb); Anthophoridae (Anthophorini): Anthophora ursina sn cp fq (Rb); Anthophoridae (Eucerini): Synhalonia speciosa sn (Rb); Megachilidae (Osmiini): Osmia atriventris (Gnd)

Bees (short-tongued)
Halictidae (Halictinae): Halictus confusus (WR), Lasioglossum hitchensi (WR); Colletidae (Colletinae): Colletes inaequalis (WR), Colletes validus (Gnd); Andrenidae (Andreninae): Andrena miserabilis (WR)

Ants
Formicidae (Myrmicinae): Monomorium minimum sn np (WR)

Flies
Syrphidae: Eristalis stipator fsp np (Rb)

Butterflies
Lycaenidae: Lycaeides melissa samuelis sn (Sw); Pieridae: Colias philodice sn (Rb), Pieris rapae sn (Rb)

Skippers
Hesperiidae: Erynnis brizo sn (Rb), Erynnis icelus sn (Rb), Erynnis juvenalis sn (Rb)

Moths
Noctuidae: Anagrapha falcifera sn (Rb)

Beetles
Curculionidae: Centrinites strigicollis fp gnw np (WR)


Return