Flower-Visiting Insects & Birds
of Cardinal
Flower
Lobelia cardinalis (Cardinal Flower)
(Short-tongued bees collect pollen & are non-pollinating; bumblebees perforate the flowers, steal nectar through these perforations [sn@prf], & are non-pollinating; other visitors suck nectar; observations are from Robertson, Graenicher, and Bertin)
Birds
Trochilidae: Archilochus colubris sn fq (Rb, Gr, Brt)
Bees (long-tongued)
Apidae (Bombini): Bombus pensylvanica prf sn@prf fq np (Rb)
Bees (short-tongued)
Halictidae (Halictinae): Augochlorella striata cp np (Rb), Lasioglossum versatus cp np (Rb)
Butterflies
Papilionidae: Battus philenor sn (Rb), Papilio polyxenes asterias sn (Rb), Papilio troilus sn (Rb)