Relationships of
Vertebrate Animals
to this Plant:
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Buglossoides arvensis (Field Gromwell) [Boraginaceae]
(observations are from Schorger and Martin et al.; Lithospermum arvense is a scientific synonym of this plant; native Lithospermum spp. may be used to a lesser extent)
Birds
Columbidae: Ectopistes migratorius (Passenger Pigeon) [seeds rarely used as food] Sch1955; Emberizidae: Spizella pusilla (Field Sparrow) [seeds comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the Prairie region] MZN1951; Icteridae: Quiscalus quiscula (Common Grackle) [seeds comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in NE USA] MZN1951