Relationships of
Vertebrate Animals
to this Plant:
____________
Menispermum canadense (Moonseed) [Menispermaceae]
(observations are from Malmborg & Wilson and DeGraaf)
Birds
Bombycillidae: Bombycilla cedrorum (Cedar Waxwing) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002; Emberizidae: Pipilo erythrophthalmus (Eastern Towhee) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002; Mimidae: Toxostoma rufum (Brown Thrasher) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002; Phasianidae: Meleagris gallopavo (Wild Turkey) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002; Turdidae: Catharus guttatus (Hermit Thrush) [the fruits of this woody vine comprised 0-100% of the total diet in fruits in Illinois] MW1988, Catharus minimus (Grey-cheeked Thrush) [the fruits of this woody vine comprised 0-7% of the total diet in fruits in Illinois] MW1988, Catharus ustulatus (Swainson's Thrush) [the fruits of this woody vine comprised 0-28% of the total diet in fruits in Illinois] MW1988, Turdus migratorius (American Robin) [feeds on fruits] DGr2002