Relationships of
Vertebrate Animals
to this Plant:
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Myriophyllum spp. (Water Milfoil) [Haloragaceae]
(observations are from Martin et al., Ernst et al., Hamerstrom & Blake, Lagler, Pearse, Forbes, Bellrose, and Havera)
Birds
Anatidae: Anas discors (Blue-winged Teal) [these plants comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the Northeast] MZN1951, Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard) [feeds on these plants in Illinois] Hv1999, Aythya affinis (Lesser Scaup) [these plants comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the Northeast, feeds on these plants in Illinois] MZN1951 Hv1999, Aythya valisineria (Canvasback) [these plants comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the Northeast] MZN1951, Cygnus buccinator (Trumpeter Swan) [feeds on these aquatic plants] Blr1942, Oxyura jamaicensis (Ruddy Duck) [feeds on these plants in Illinois] Hv1999; Scolopacidae: Calidris himantopus (Stilt Sandpiper) [seeds comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the East] MZN1951, Calidris melanotos (Pectoral Sandpiper) [seeds comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the United States] MZN1951, Limnodromus griseus (Short-billed Dowitcher) [seeds comprise 0.5-2% of the diet in the East] MZN1951
Mammals
Cricetidae: Ondatra zibethicus (Muskrat) [the stems & leaves have minor value as a food source] HB1939
Turtles
Chelydridae: Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) [feeds on these plants] Lg1943; Emydidae: Chrysemys picta (Painted Turtle) [feeds on plants] EBL1994 Lg1943, Emydoidea blandingii (Blanding's Turtle) [feeds on these plants] Lg1943, Trachemys scripta (Slider) [feeds on these plants] EBL1994
Fishes
Centrarchidae: Lepomis gibbosus (Pumpkinseed) [these plants comprise 2% of the diet] Prs1918 Frb1888; Ictaluridae: Noturus gyrinus (Tadpole Cat) [these plants comprise 3% of the diet] Prs1918; Percidae: Perca flavescens (Yellow Perch) [these plants comprise 5% of the diet] Prs1918