Relationships of
Vertebrate Animals
to this Plant:
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Persicaria maculosa (Lady's Thumb) [Polygonaceae]
(observations are from Schwartz, Havera, Anderson, and Myers et al.; Persicaria vulgaris is a scientific synonym of this plant)
Birds
Anatidae: Aix sponsa (Wood Duck) [feeds on seeds in Illinois] Hv1999, Anas acuta (Northern Pintail) [the seeds comprise less than 1% of the diet in Illinois] And1959, Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard) [feeds on seeds in Illinois] Hv1999; Phasianidae: Tympanuchus cupido (Greater Prairie Chicken) [seeds eaten during spring for 2 months] Swz1945
Mammals
Cervidae: Odocoileus virginianus (White-tailed Deer) [1% of deer droppings contained viable seeds of this plant in New York] Myr2004